3681   Self-Diffusion of Sucrose in Molasses Self-Diffusion of Sucrose in Molasses Martin Rampp,† Christoph Buttersack,*‡ and Hans-Dietrich Lüdemann†    2000 The self-diffusion coefficient of sucrose in molasses, Dmol, has been determined via the pulsed-field-gradient 13C NMR technique at 25, 50, 80, and 100 °C and a dry matter content of up to 80% w/w. For this purpose 10% sucrose containing 99% 13C nuclei in the 1 position of the glucose moiety was added. A comparison of Dmol with Dpure of pure aqueous solutions showed Dmol < Dpure at the same sucrose water ratio. Viscosities of the molasses, ηmol, and pure sucrose ηpure solutions were measur... 查看全文

3682   Probabilistic Kinetic Model of Slow Oxidation of Low-Density Lipoprotein. 3. Hydroperoxide-Free Initiation Probabilistic Kinetic Model of Slow Oxidation of Low-Density Lipoprotein. 3. Hydroperoxide-Free Initiation Dubravka Krilov*† and Janko N. Herak‡    2005 A theoretical model is presented that explains slow copper-induced oxidation of low-density lipoprotein in the systems free of seeded hydroperoxydes. The model is based on the probabilistic kinetic theory, modified to take into account different radical generation rates by oxidized and reduced forms of the metal ions. It is shown that the initiation and progression of the LDL oxidation can take place in any LDL dispersion by metal-induced oxidation of α-tocopherol, one of the constituents of LD... 查看全文

3683   Ambiguous genitalia: What prenatal genetic testing is practical?† Ambiguous genitalia: What prenatal genetic testing is practical?† Amanda Shea Hart    2012 Concern for ambiguous genitalia or chromosome-phenotype discordance detected in a prenatal setting has increased over the last two decades. Practitioners faced with this prenatal finding have a variety of genetic tests available to them; however, it is unclear to what extent prenatal testing for disorders of sex development (DSD) is useful or practical. We undertook a retrospective review of the medical records of 140 individuals evaluated through the DSD clinic at Seattle Children's Hospital wi... 查看全文

3684   Uncommon chromosomal mosaicism in chorionic villi Uncommon chromosomal mosaicism in chorionic villi Eduardo E. Castilla, Pierpaolo Mastroiacovo and Iecirc;da M. Orioli    2005 Three cases of unusual chromosomal mosaicism are reported for which the cytogenetic data show inconsistent findings between CVS and AC or fetal tissue, and which cannot be explained simply by non-disjunction. For case 1, in CVS the karyotype was 46,XY, whereas lymphocytes and fibroblasts revealed 69,XXY. DNA fingerprinting indicated one paternal and two maternal chromosome sets, the latter most probably due to omission of maternal meiosis II. For case 2, in CVS mos 46,XX/47,XX,+mar de novo was o... 查看全文

3685   New criteria to assess the remaining useful life of industrial turbine oils New criteria to assess the remaining useful life of industrial turbine oils    1996 Oxidative deterioration of mineral-based turbine oils has traditionally been measured by changes in an oil's physical properties such as viscosity or total acid number or by long standard oxidation tests taking up to 5000 hours to complete. Recently, the use of differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has been applied to measure the oxidative stability of a range of lubricants as it provides precise results, uses only microliter quantities of sample and is faster than the other commonly utilized ... 查看全文

3686   A new optimization algorithm based on the optimal foraging theory A new optimization algorithm based on the optimal foraging theory    2011 A new optimization algorithm, inspired by the animal Behavioral Ecology Theory - Optimal Foraging Theory, called the optimal foraging algorithm (OFA), has been developed. During foraging, animals know how to find the best pitch with abundant prey; in establishing OFA, the basic operator of OFA was constructed following this foraging strategy. An individual of the foraging swarms obtained more opportunities to capture prey through recruitment; in OFA, the recruitment was adopted to ensure the alg... 查看全文

3687   Steam flow measurement-reducing life cycle cost of the differential pressure flowmeter Steam flow measurement-reducing life cycle cost of the differential pressure flowmeter    2011 Rising energy costs and new environmental regulations are motivating operators to better measure and manage their utility flows, steam in particular. Steam is commonly used for process fluid heat exchange, space heating, and steam injection in the hydrocarbon industries. Accurate flow measurements are needed to maintain process efficiency, detect leaks, and account for consumption. Cost effectively ensuring high accuracy, repeatability, and reliability is a challenge, especially in outdoor appli... 查看全文

3688   Sirenomelia, the mermaid syndrome—detection in the first trimester Sirenomelia, the mermaid syndrome—detection in the first trimester John E. HEFFNER    2003 The sirenomelia sequence with fusion, rotation, hypotrophy or atrophy of the lower limbs in combination with severe urogenital and gastrointestinal malformations is a rare and usually lethal disorder. 查看全文

3689   Grafted polysaccharides based on acrylamide and N,N-dimethylacrylamide: Preparation and investigation of their flocculation performances Grafted polysaccharides based on acrylamide and N,N-dimethylacrylamide: Preparation and investigation of their flocculation performances Z. A. Rogovin    2012 The graft copolymerization of N,N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA) and acrylamide (AM) were carried out onto different polysaccharide backbones separately. The graft copolymers were synthesized by ceric ion induced redox polymerization technique. Three polysaccharides were used, namely hydroxyethyl starch (HES), hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) and Amylopectin (AP), for the grafting reactions. Among the three polysaccharides, HEC has linear structure, while HES and AP have a branch one. The graft copolymers... 查看全文

3690   Families of backward differentiation methods based on a new type of mixed interpolation Families of backward differentiation methods based on a new type of mixed interpolation    1990 Backward differentiation methods based on a new type of mixed interpolation for the first-order initial-value problems whose solutions are known to be periodic are constructed. The angular frequency K is calculated by mimizing the local truncation error within each integration interval. The resulting methods depend on a prarmeter θ =hk, h the step length, and reduce to classical backward methods if k&rarr0. Numerical examples are provided to illustrate the algorithms. 查看全文

3691   Discovery of 4-Aryl-4H-chromenes as a New Series of Apoptosis Inducers Using a Cell- and Caspase-Based High-Throughput Screening Assay. 3. Structure−Activity Relationships of Fused Rings at the 7,8-Po Discovery of 4-Aryl-4H-chromenes as a New Series of Apoptosis Inducers Using a Cell- and Caspase-Based High-Throughput Screening Assay. 3. Structure−Activity Relationships of Fused Rings at the 7,8-Po William Kemnitzer,† John Drewe,† Songchun Jiang,† Hong Zhang,† Jianghong Zhao,† Candace Crogan-Grund    2007 As a continuation of our efforts to discover and develop the apoptosis-inducing 4-aryl-4H-chromenes as novel anticancer agents, we explored the SAR of fused rings at the 7,8-positions. It was found that a five-member aromatic ring, such as pyrrolo with nitrogen at either the 7- or 9-position, is preferred. A six-member aromatic ring, such as benzo or pyrido, also led to potent compounds. The SAR of the 4-aryl group was found to be similar for chromenes with a fused ring at the 7,8-positions. The... 查看全文

3692   Resolution and Absolute Configuration of Naturally Occurring Auronols Resolution and Absolute Configuration of Naturally Occurring Auronols Riaan Bekker,† Xing-Cong Li,‡ Hala N. ElSohly,‡ Alice M. Clark,‡§ E. Vincent Brandt,*† and Daneel Fe    2001 Resolution of racemic 2-benzyl-2-hydroxy-1-benzofuran-3(2H)-ones (auronols) and CD data of the ensuing enantiomers permit assessment of the absolute configuration at the single stereocenter. 查看全文

3693   Interplay between Site-Specific Mutations and Cyclic Nucleotides in Modulating DNA Recognition by Escherichia coli Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein†,‡ Interplay between Site-Specific Mutations and Cyclic Nucleotides in Modulating DNA Recognition by Escherichia coli Cyclic AMP Receptor Protein†,‡ Jiayin Dai,§ Shwu-Hwa Lin,§ Carly Kemmis, Anita J. Chin, and J. Ching Lee*    2004 Mutagenesis of various amino acids in Escherichia coli cyclic AMP receptor protein (CRP) has been shown to modulate protein compressibility and dynamics [Gekko et al. (2004) Biochemistry 43, 3844?3852]. Cooperativity of cAMP binding to CRP and the apparent DNA binding affinity are perturbed [Lin and Lee (2002) Biochemistry 41, 11857?11867]. The aim of this study is to explore the effects of mutation on the surface chemistry of CRP and to define the consequences of these changes in affecting spec 查看全文

3694   Optical image simulator using the real-space expression of the object pattern and a differential operator for optical proximity effect estimation Optical image simulator using the real-space expression of the object pattern and a differential operator for optical proximity effect estimation    1995 The new optical image simulator described here can accurately estimate the optical proximity effect that causes pattern distortion in systems using off-axis illumination or oblique illumination and in systems using phase-shifting masks. To prevent an undesirable proximity effect from being influenced by the repeated object pattern that occurs in simulations using the conventional fast Fourier transform. (FFT) routine, we calculate the image intensity using the real-space expression of the object... 查看全文

3695   The production of 88Y in the proton bombardment of natSr: New excitation and separation studies The production of 88Y in the proton bombardment of natSr: New excitation and separation studies    2009 The cyclotron production of 88Y at iThemba LABS is performed via the reaction 88Sr(p,n)88Y. The yields obtained were inconsistent with nuclear data obtained from the literature and the excitation function of the nuclear reaction was re-measured, using a differentiation of thick-target production rate measurements. Ion exchange chromatographic methods are described to separate 88Y from natSr target material using AG MP-1 resin and AG 50W-X4 resins, respectively. © 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All righ... 查看全文

3696   Structural Origins of the Functional Divergence of Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Insulin†,‡ Structural Origins of the Functional Divergence of Human Insulin-Like Growth Factor-I and Insulin†,‡ Andrzej M. Brzozowski,* Eleanor J. Dodson, Guy G. Dodson, Garib N. Murshudov, Chandra Verma, Johan P    2002 Human insulin-like growth factors I and II (hIGF-I, hIGF-II) are potent stimulators of cell and growth processes. They display high sequence similarity to both the A and B chains of insulin but contain an additional connecting C-domain, which reflects their secretion without specific packaging or precursor conversion. IGFs also have an extension at the C-terminus known as the D-domain. This paper describes four homologous hIGF-1 structures, obtained from crystals grown in the presence of the det... 查看全文

3697   SOME QUESTIONS ON THE USE OF TENSOR ANALYSIS IN THE MECHANICS OF A CONTINUOUS MEDIUM. SOME QUESTIONS ON THE USE OF TENSOR ANALYSIS IN THE MECHANICS OF A CONTINUOUS MEDIUM.    1984 Differentiation of a tensor with respect to time in a material Euclidean space, in a Riemannian space embedded in the Euclidean space, as well as in the general case of an affine connected space, is considered. The connection of the derivatives considered with the delta tau / delta -derivative of tensors set on the surface is pointed out. The concept of delta tau / delta -derivative in a three-dimensional case is defined. New characteristics of the space of affine connectivity with properties de... 查看全文

3698   New Method of Measuring the Flow Coefficient. New Method of Measuring the Flow Coefficient.    1983 The flow coefficient for pneumatic elements is defined as the ratio of the real mass flow to the isentropic one. The value of the coefficient may be obtained only by means of experimental methods. Air expansion in the test vessel during discharge is assumed to be isothermal, adiabatic or a process with a constant heat transfer coefficient - in known methods. In a new method proposed by the author a free convection model is assumed. From the relationship between the Nusselt and Rayleigh numbers, ... 查看全文

3699   Prenatal diagnosis and clinical findings in a case of hexasomy 12p Prenatal diagnosis and clinical findings in a case of hexasomy 12p Lindsey D. Allan and Ian C. Huggon    2005 We report the first case of hexasomy 12p mosaicism due to 2 copies of an apparent i(12p) [46,XX/48,XX, +i(12p),+i(12p)] In every cell that contained the i(12p), 2 copies of the marker were found. The hexasomy was found in amniocytes (16%) and skin fibroblasts (95%) but not in peripheral blood lymphocytes. The chromosomal origin of the marker was confirmed with the use of in situ hybridization of alpha-satellite specific for the centromere of chromosome 12. The present case was diagnosed followin... 查看全文

3700   KARONGE RARE EARTH DEPOSITS, REPUBLIC OF BURUNDI: NEW MINERALOGICAL - GEOCHEMICAL DATA AND ORIGIN OF THE MINERALIZATION. KARONGE RARE EARTH DEPOSITS, REPUBLIC OF BURUNDI: NEW MINERALOGICAL - GEOCHEMICAL DATA AND ORIGIN OF THE MINERALIZATION.    1977 Several minerals, unidentified before, have been found in the deposits: cerianite, tridymite, fluocerite, vermiculite and pyromophite, the first two minerals being of particular significance. Geochemical data clearly show a rare earth differentiation with a decrease of the Ce/La ratio during deposition, ending with the formation of rhabdophane-La. The genetic origin of the mineralization characterized by intense silicification and absence of simple carbonates is related to a hydrothermal stage o... 查看全文

3701   Karyotype and outcome of fetuses diagnosed with cystic hygroma in the first trimester in relation to nuchal translucency thickness Karyotype and outcome of fetuses diagnosed with cystic hygroma in the first trimester in relation to nuchal translucency thickness Lindsey D. Allan and Ian C. Huggon    2006 To determine the incidence and to examine the karyotype and the outcome of fetuses diagnosed with cystic hygroma (CH) at 11–14 weeks of gestation. 查看全文

3702   Poly(ethylene glycol)-block-Poly(glycidyl methacrylate) with Oligoamine Side Chains as Efficient Gene Vectors Poly(ethylene glycol)-block-Poly(glycidyl methacrylate) with Oligoamine Side Chains as Efficient Gene Vectors J. Kajtna, M. Krajnc and J. Golob    2009 Well-defined diblock copolymers, poly(ethylene glycol)-block-poly(glycidyl methacrylate)s (PEG-b-PGMAs), with different poly(glycidyl methacrylate) (PGMA) chains, were prepared via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) from the same macromolecular initiator 2-bromoisobutyryl-terminated poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG). Ethyldiamine (EDA), diethylenetriamine (DETA), triethylenetetramine (TETA), and polyethyleneimine (PEI) with an of 400 (PEI400) were used to decorate PEG-b-PGMAs to get the cati... 查看全文

3703   A multinuclear nuclear magnetic resonance study of metal complexes of the ligands Ph2ECH2CMe2CH2EPh2 (E = P, As) A multinuclear nuclear magnetic resonance study of metal complexes of the ligands Ph2ECH2CMe2CH2EPh2 (E = P, As) C. S. Kraihanzel, J. M. Ressner, G. M. Gray    1982 查看全文

3704   Purification of S1 nuclease from Aspergillus oryzae by recycling isoelectric focusing Purification of S1 nuclease from Aspergillus oryzae by recycling isoelectric focusing J. Kajtna, M. Krajnc and J. Golob    2005 We describe the purification of a single-strand nuclease from Aspergillus oryzae using the first commercial prototype of an instrument (RF3TM) designed by Milan Bier et al. for preparative-scale insoelectric focusing. Protein separation takes place entirely in solution, with shear-stabilized laminar flow counteracting convective disturbances generated by the electric field. Conditions for isoelectric focusing were determined by focusing fractions with nuclease activity, following chromatography ... 查看全文

3705   3-25 A New Face-Recognition System with Robustness against Illumination Changes 3-25 A New Face-Recognition System with Robustness against Illumination Changes Rui Ishiyama, Shizuo Sakamoto, Johji Tajima    0 Proposed here is a new face-recognition system based on 2D / 3D scheme. It acquires an ordinary 2D image as a query, which is then compared with each registered 3D shape and surface reflectance. The authors have developed two technologies: a novel range finder, and an image compensation technique to cope with changes in illumination. The range finder employs a new design: sinusoidal grating projection combined with stereop-It offers accurate measurement (0.2mm, rms) of all pixels in a measuring ... 查看全文

3706   Thermodynamic, Kinetic and pH Studies on the Reactions of NCS-, N3-, and CH3CO2- with Fusarium Galactose Oxidase Thermodynamic, Kinetic and pH Studies on the Reactions of NCS-, N3-, and CH3CO2- with Fusarium Galactose Oxidase Craig Wright, Sang-Choul Im, Mark B. Twitchett, Colin G. Saysell, Achim Sokolowski, and A. Geoffrey    2000 Thermodynamic and kinetic studies on the X- = NCS-, N3-, and CH3CO2- replacement of H2O/OH- at the CuII exogenous site of the tyrosyl-radical-containing enzyme galactose oxidase (GOaseox) from Fusarium (NRR 2903), have been studied by methods involving UV?vis spectrophotometry (25 °C), pH range 5.5?8.7, I = 0.100 M (NaCl). In the case of N3- and CH3CO2- previous X-ray structures have confirmed coordination at the exogenous H2O/OH- site. From the effect of pH on the UV?vis spectrum of GOaseox un... 查看全文

3707   NEW CONFIGURATIONS OF THE NONRECIPROCAL REMANENCE FERRITE PHASE SHIFTER. NEW CONFIGURATIONS OF THE NONRECIPROCAL REMANENCE FERRITE PHASE SHIFTER.    1978 In this paper, new configurations of the nonreciprocal remanence ferrite phase shifter are proposed, which yield an improvement in the Figure-of-Merit (differential phase shift per insertion loss) and also an increase of both peak and average handling power levels. The new configurations are characterized by the adoption of a grooved waveguide. Some results, calculated mainly as a function of the grooved waveguide height, are shown to be in good agreement with experimental values. The text of th... 查看全文

3708   Stereochemical inversion at C-15 accompanies the enzymic isomerization of all-trans- to 11-cis-retinoids Stereochemical inversion at C-15 accompanies the enzymic isomerization of all-trans- to 11-cis-retinoids Wing C. Law, Robert R. Rando    1988 查看全文

3709   Efficient Plasmid DNA Cleavage by a Mononuclear Copper(II) Complex Efficient Plasmid DNA Cleavage by a Mononuclear Copper(II) Complex Claudia Sissi,† Fabrizio Mancin,‡ Maddalena Gatos,‡§ Manlio Palumbo,*† Paolo Tecilla,*‖ and Umberto    2005 The Cu(II) complex of the ligand all-cis-2,4,6-triamino-1,3,5-trihydroxycyclohexane (TACI) is a very efficient catalyst of the cleavage of plasmid DNA in the absence of any added cofactor. The maximum rate of degradation of the supercoiled plasmid DNA form, obtained at pH 8.1 and 37 °C, in the presence of 48 μM TACI·CuII, is 2.3 × 10-3 s-1, corresponding to a half-life time of only 5 min for the cleavage of form. I (supercoiled) to form. II (relaxed circular). The dependence of the rate of p... 查看全文

3710   Synthesis and structural characterization of platinum-silicon dimers with unusually short cross-ring silicon-silicon interactions Synthesis and structural characterization of platinum-silicon dimers with unusually short cross-ring silicon-silicon interactions Eugene A. Zarate, Claire A. Tessier-Youngs, Wiley J. Youngs    1988 查看全文

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