381   Further steps on CN reference modeling Further steps on CN reference modeling Luis M. Camarinha-Matos;Hamideh Afsarmanesh    0 Establishing a reference model for Collaborative Networks is a long-term endeavor. The ARCON proposal is a first contribution for a comprehensive model but it needs to be continued and improved. A set of guidelines for an evolution process are defined and potential participants in this process are identified. 查看全文

382   Linewidth of mode combs of passively and actively mode-locked semiconductor laser diodes Linewidth of mode combs of passively and actively mode-locked semiconductor laser diodes    2004 We derive the Schawlow-Townes linewidth of mode-locked lasers, and discuss how the timing jitter affects the linewidth in passively/actively mode-locked laser diodes (MLLD's). The linewidth of longitudinal modes of MLLD's is much broader than the Schawlow-Townes linewidth due to the linewidth enhancement factor of the gain medium, and its characteristics depend on whether the laser is mode-locked passively or actively. For the case of active mode-locking, the detuning of the modulation frequency... 查看全文

383   High speed (> 13 GHz) modulation of 850 nm vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) with tapered oxide confined layer High speed (> 13 GHz) modulation of 850 nm vertical cavity surface emitting lasers (VCSELs) with tapered oxide confined layer    2005 Improved oxide-implanted VCSELs utilising the tapered oxide layer are presented. The VCSELs exhibited similar static performance, but superior modulation bandwidth up to 13.2 GHz, compared with conventional blunt oxide VCSELs. The damping rate was reduced two times in the tapered oxide VCSEL and therefore enhanced the maximal modulation bandwidth. A very clean eye was demonstrated from the improved VCSEL with a rising time of 26 ps, falling time of 40 ps and jitter of less than 20 ps, operating ... 查看全文

384   Agricultural Crop Pests in Southeast Asia Including Southern China Agricultural Crop Pests in Southeast Asia Including Southern China Emmett R. Easton    2008 查看全文

385   Experimental research on 40 GHz all-optical packet clock recovery based on F-P filters with variable finenesses Experimental research on 40 GHz all-optical packet clock recovery based on F-P filters with variable finenesses    2008 The schemes of all-optical packet clock recovery based on the Fabry-Perot filters with variable finess at 40 GHz are demonstrated. The experimental results as follows: The usage of the F-P with the higher Q benefits the quality of the signals but leads to that both of establishing and vanishing of the packet clock take long time; on the contrary, the usage of the F-P with the lower Q makes the packet establish and vanish quickly but induces the degradation of the signals. It is also presented th... 查看全文

386   Parental history of type 2 diabetes and cardiometabolic biomarkers in offspring Parental history of type 2 diabetes and cardiometabolic biomarkers in offspring RL Jones    2012 Eur J Clin Invest 2012 查看全文

387   Multicast resource allocation scheme with QoS guarantee in SFN Multicast resource allocation scheme with QoS guarantee in SFN Mingwei Tang    0 We propose a multicast resource allocation scheme in single frequency networks to maximize the total rate while guaranteeing quality-of-service (QoS) requirement of real-time service. In this scheme, we first design a user connection control algorithm to reduce feedback load. The algorithm determines to which base stations users should feedback channel state information. We then formulate a joint subcarrier and power allocation issue and find that it has high complexity. Hence, we first distribu... 查看全文

388   Reversible Catalytic Reactions and the Stability of Ti Surface Defects in NaAlH4 Reversible Catalytic Reactions and the Stability of Ti Surface Defects in NaAlH4 Kewu Bai, Pei Shan Emmeline Yeo and Ping Wu*    2008 Despite many experimental and theoretical studies, the origin of the catalytic role of the Ti catalyst in the reversible dehydrogenation of NaAlH4 has been a controversial topic for many years. In this paper, density functional theory and phase equilibrium calculations are used to study the surface defect stabilities of NaAlH4 during dehydrogenation and rehydrogenation cycles. A Ti?H?Al cluster resulting from the Ti substitution of Al at the (001) subsurface layer of NaAlH4 is identified as the ... 查看全文

389   A continuous-time band-pass ΣΔ modulator implemented in 0.35u BiCMOS using transmission lines A continuous-time band-pass ΣΔ modulator implemented in 0.35u BiCMOS using transmission lines    2006 This work presents experimental results of a 6th order band-pass continuous-time sigma-delta modulator that uses transmission lines as resonators. It has been implemented in 0.35u SiGe BiCMOS technology. The modulator tolerates two clock cycles of excess loop delay and has similar clock jitter sensitivity than that of an equivalent switched capacitor solution. The ADC operates at a sampling rate of fs=184 MHz, consumes 62mW and, assuming an SR=256, is able to convert with a maximum SNR=55dB sign... 查看全文

390   Alter Meister blickt in den Alten Orient: Peter Huchels Gedicht Pfeilspitze des Ada Alter Meister blickt in den Alten Orient: Peter Huchels Gedicht Pfeilspitze des Ada Sebastian Kiefer    2001 The paper explains the meaning of the title of a one of Huchel's last poems ("The ninth hour"), which has remained enigmatic to this day. The title – "Pfeilspitze des Ada" – points to one of the oldest archeological finds with alphabetical scripts known. This early alphabet, conceived by the Phoenicians, was adapted (and slightly revised) by the Ancient Greeks and therefore foreshadows our alphabet. In this intricate manner Huchels poem refers to the prints of our culture.Furthermo... 查看全文

391   Numerical Procedures for Surface Fitting of Scattered Data by Radial Functions Numerical Procedures for Surface Fitting of Scattered Data by Radial Functions Nira Dyn;David Levin;Samuel Rippa    0 In many applications one encounters the problem of approximating surfaces from data given on a set of scattered points in a two-dimensional domain. The global interpolation methods with Duchon’s “thin plate splines” and Hardy’s multiquadrics are considered to be of high quality; however, their application is limited, due to computational difficulties, to $ \sim 150$ data points. In this work we develop some efficient iterative schemes for computing global approximation surfaces interpolating a g 查看全文

392   Supermode suppression to below -130 dBc/Hz in a 10 GHz harmonically mode-locked external sigma cavity semiconductor laser Supermode suppression to below -130 dBc/Hz in a 10 GHz harmonically mode-locked external sigma cavity semiconductor laser    2003 We demonstrate supermode suppression to levels below -125 dBc/Hz and -132 dBc/Hz using Fabry-Perot etalons with finesse values of 180 and 650, respectively, for a 10 GHz harmonically mode-locked external sigma cavity semiconductor laser. The laser was hybridly mode-locked using direct electrical modulation in a compact package without the need for an external modulator. ©2003 Optical Society of America. 查看全文

393   Acquisition of certain grapheme-phoneme correspondences in normally achieving and disabled readers Acquisition of certain grapheme-phoneme correspondences in normally achieving and disabled readers Linda S. Siegel;David Faux    1989 The present study was designed to assess the development of the understanding of certain aspects of grapheme-phoneme correspondences in normally achieving and disabled readers. The correspondences rules were studied using both English words and pseudowords, the latter designed to contain the same features as the real words. The subjects were 76 normally achieving and 32 reading disabled children aged 6 to 14 years. The stimuli included words and pseudowords that tested the following: consonant b... 查看全文

394   Asymmetric Intermolecular Mizoroki-Heck Reaction: From Phosphine/Phosphinite-Nitrogen to Phosphite-Nitrogen Ligands Asymmetric Intermolecular Mizoroki-Heck Reaction: From Phosphine/Phosphinite-Nitrogen to Phosphite-Nitrogen Ligands Ryo Shintani, Shingo Isobe, Momotaro Takeda and Tamio Hayashi    2012 This review discusses the latest developments in ligand design for the Pd-catalyzed asymmetric intermolecular Mizoroki-Heck reaction, from the successful phosphine/phosphinite-nitrogen ligands to the recently reported phosphite-nitrogen ligands. The presence of a biaryl phosphite group offers several advantages as a ligand scaffold for this process. 查看全文

395   Mathematical Modeling for Nodule Size Distribution Mathematical Modeling for Nodule Size Distribution Jun-ichi Ikeda, Ayako Fukunaga, Yuko Suga;Kaneaki Hori    0 查看全文

396   On the origin of normative argumentation theory: The paradoxical case of the Rhetoric to Alexander On the origin of normative argumentation theory: The paradoxical case of the Rhetoric to Alexander Antoine C. Braet    1996 The Rhetoric to Alexander (second half of the fourth century B.C.) is among the oldest contributions to the study of argumentation. From antiquity on, this treatise, which abounds in opportunistic advice, has come under heavy criticism on normative grounds. And yet, as I shall maintain here, it clearly takes into account the requirements of rational argumentation which are still in use today. Moreover, it contains the seeds of a whole series of doctrines found in modern normative argumentation t... 查看全文

397   Theoretical and experimental study on 10 GHz all-optical packet clock extraction Theoretical and experimental study on 10 GHz all-optical packet clock extraction    2008 A novel 10 Gbit/s all-optical packet clock extraction is proposed, which comprises a Fabry-Pe´rot (F-P) filter and a semiconductor optical amplifier (SOA). Low finesse Fabry-Pe´rot filter was used to directly extract the packet clock from the data packet which ensures that the clock locks fast and vanishes quickly. The clock, amplitude modulated as a result of low-Q filter, then goes into SOA to reduce the low-frequency amplitude noise. The effect of the SOA's SGM on the locking and ... 查看全文

398   Insights into defibrotide as therapy for veno-occlusive disease† Insights into defibrotide as therapy for veno-occlusive disease† K. Esposito, M. I. Maiorino, C. Di Palo, M. Gicchino, M. Petrizzo, G. Bellastella, F. Saccomanno and    2009 查看全文

399   Activity of a Brazilian Strain of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis Against the Cotton Boll Weevil Anthonomus grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Activity of a Brazilian Strain of Bacillus thuringiensis israelensis Against the Cotton Boll Weevil Anthonomus grandis Boheman (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) R Monnerat, E Martins, L Praça, V Dumas;C Berry    2012 A Brazilian Bacillus thuringiensis subspecies israelensis, toxic to Diptera, including mosquitoes, was found also to show toxicity to the coleopteran boll weevil Anthonomus grandis Boheman at an equivalent level to that of the standard coleopteran-active B. thuringiensis subspecies tenebrionis T08017. Recombinant B. thuringiensis strains expressing the individual Cyt1Aa, Cry4Aa, Cry4Ba and Cry11Aa toxins from this strain were assessed to evaluate their potential contribution to the ac... 查看全文

400   Memory Aspects and Performance of Iterative Solvers Memory Aspects and Performance of Iterative Solvers Claude Pommerell;Wolfgang Fichtner    0 In many scientific computing problems, the overall execution time is dominated by the time to solve very large linear systems. Quite often, the matrices are unsymmetric and ill conditioned, with an irregular sparsity structure reflecting the irregular refinement in the discretization grid. With increasing problem size and problem dimension, direct solvers cannot be used because of the huge memory requirements. The performance of preconditioned iterative solvers is largely dominated by memory-rel... 查看全文

401   Quantum-limited noise performance of a mode-locked laser diode Quantum-limited noise performance of a mode-locked laser diode    2002 Low-noise operation of a 9-GHz hybridly mode-locked laser diode is demonstrated. The integrated timing jitter was 47 fs (10 Hz to 10 MHz) and 86 fs (10 Hz to 4.5 GHz), with a pulse width of 6.7 ps. The noise performance as a function of filter bandwidth and oscillator noise is also addressed. © 2002 Optical Society of America. 查看全文

402   Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Functionalized ,-Disubstituted -Amino Acid Derivatives from Racemic Unprotected -Amino Acids via in-situ Generated Azlactones Catalytic Asymmetric Synthesis of Functionalized ,-Disubstituted -Amino Acid Derivatives from Racemic Unprotected -Amino Acids via in-situ Generated Azlactones Pradeep Nareddy, Luca Mantilli, Dr. Laure Gueacute;neacute;e and Prof.;Dr. Cleacute;ment Mazet    2012 Masked and activated highly enantioenriched ,-disubstituted -amino acids with an additional adjacent stereocenter were formed by a tandem reaction involving five steps using racemic unprotected amino acid substrates. Key step is the 1,4-addition of in-situ generated azlactones to a broad number of enones. The products of this step-economic route can, e.g., be useful for a divergent and rapid access to biologically interesting unnatural glutamic acid derivatives. 查看全文

403   Simultaneous multi-impairment monitoring of 640 Gb/s signals using photonic chip based RF spectrum analyzer Simultaneous multi-impairment monitoring of 640 Gb/s signals using photonic chip based RF spectrum analyzer    2010 We report the first demonstration of simultaneous multiimpairment monitoring at ultrahigh bitrates using a THz bandwidth photonic-chip-based radio-frequency (RF) spectrum analyzer. Our approach employs a 7 cm long, highly nonlinear (γ &asyum;9900 /W/km), dispersion engineered chalcogenide planar waveguide to capture the RF spectrum of an ultrafast 640 Gb/s signal, based on cross-phase modulation, from which we numerically retrieve the autocorrelation waveform. The relationship between the ... 查看全文

404   Asymmetric Michael Addition of N-Boc-Protected Oxindoles to Nitroalkenes Catalyzed by a Chiral Secondary Amine Asymmetric Michael Addition of N-Boc-Protected Oxindoles to Nitroalkenes Catalyzed by a Chiral Secondary Amine Pradeep Nareddy, Luca Mantilli, Dr. Laure Gueacute;neacute;e and Prof.;Dr. Cleacute;ment Mazet    2012 查看全文

405   A 12.5-Gb/s pulse modulator with 6.5-ps FWHM using 0.1 -μm InP HEMTs for ultra-wideband impulse radio communications A 12.5-Gb/s pulse modulator with 6.5-ps FWHM using 0.1 -μm InP HEMTs for ultra-wideband impulse radio communications    2008 We developed an ON/OFF pulse modulator IC using 0.1-μm-gate-length InP HEMTs for ultra-wideband impulse radio (UWB-IR) communications systems. The IC generated extremely short pulses whose full width at half maximum (FWHM) were 6.5 ps. Furthermore, our new circuit architecture that retimes output pulses at both rising and falling edges made the IC robust against timing fluctuations or jitter. The output pulses had very small jitters of 256 fs rms and 1.3 ps p-p and thus had little degradation... 查看全文

406   Control of period in modulated semiconductor lasers and its doubling application to all-optical clock division Control of period in modulated semiconductor lasers and its doubling application to all-optical clock division    2001 Period doubling is an irregular phenomenon exhibited by semiconductor lasers under high frequency modulation. When it occurs, the repetition frequency of the laser power becomes half of that of the modulation signals, which is undesirable to most applications. This paper reports the control of period doubling in modulated semiconductor lasers by external optical injection and demonstrates for the first time that such nonlinear dynamics can be used advantageously in realizing all-optical clock fr... 查看全文

407   Acaricide and ovicide activities of thymol on engorged females and eggs of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) Acaricide and ovicide activities of thymol on engorged females and eggs of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Acari: Ixodidae) Caio Márcio de Oliveira Monteiro, Erik Daemon,;ressa Mendes Ribeiro Silva, Ralph Maturano;Carolina A    2009 The present work had the objective of evaluating the influence of different concentrations of thymol on the biological parameters of engorged females of Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus and also its ovicide activity on eggs of this tick. In order to carry out the work, four groups were formed, each containing 20 engorged females, which were immersed for 5 min in different concentrations of thymol (1.0%, 1.5%, and 2.0%) and a control group (water + dimethylsulfoxid... 查看全文

408   Acaricidal effects of Corymbia citriodora oil containing para-menthane-3,8-diol against nymphs of Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) Acaricidal effects of Corymbia citriodora oil containing para-menthane-3,8-diol against nymphs of Ixodes ricinus (Acari: Ixodidae) Fawzeia H. Elmhalli, Katinka Pålsson, Jan Örberg;Thomas G. T. Jaenson    2009 The toxicity of para-menthane-3,8-diol (PMD), the main arthropod-repellent compound in the oil of the lemon eucalyptus, Corymbia citriodora, was evaluated against nymphs of Ixodes ricinus using five methods (A–E) of a contact toxicity bioassay. Mortality rates were estimated by recording numbers of dead nymphs at 30 min intervals during the first 5 h after the start of exposure and at longer intervals thereafter. The mortality rate increased with increasing concen... 查看全文

409   Fast iterative algorithms for three-dimensional inverse treatment planning Fast iterative algorithms for three-dimensional inverse treatment planning L. Xing;A. L. Boyer;R. J. Hamilton;D. Spelbring;C. A. Pelizzari;G. T. Y. Chen    0 Three types of iterative algorithms, algebraic inverse treatment planning (AITP), simultaneous iterative inverse treatment planning (SIITP), and iterative least-square inverse treatment planning (ILSITP), differentiated according to their updating sequences, were generalized to three dimension with true beam geometry and dose model. A rapid ray-tracing approach was developed to optimize the primary beam components. Instead of recalculating the dose matrix at each iteration, the dose distribution... 查看全文

410   Photon iterative numerical technique for steady-state simulation of gain-clamped semiconductor optical amplifiers Photon iterative numerical technique for steady-state simulation of gain-clamped semiconductor optical amplifiers C.-Y. Jin    0 The photon iterative numerical technique, which chooses the outputs of the amplified spontaneous emission spectrum and lasing mode as iteration variables to solve the rate equations, is proposed and applied to analyse the steady behaviour of conventional semiconductor optical amplifiers (SOAs) and gain-clamped semiconductor optical amplifiers (GCSOAs). Numerical results show that the photon iterative method is a much faster and more efficient algorithm than the conventional approach, which choos... 查看全文

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